Carbureter.



W. C. CARTER. CARBURETER. APPLICATION .FILED FEB- 3. 1913.

. 916 I Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

. CARTER.

CAHBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 3. 1913.

Pateflted Jan. 25, 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

l vsg w i i %AE% AFN WILLIAM C. CARTER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNORTO CARTER GAR-BURETOR COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OFMISSOURI.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patqgnted Jam. 25, 1916.

Application filed February 3, 1913. Serial No. 745,949.

To all whom it may] concern:

Be it known that I,- WILLIAM G. CARTER, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certaln new and usefulImprovement in Carbureters, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to .carbureters, and has for its main object toprovide a carbureter of novel design which is so constructed that astarting charge of rich combustible gas will be supplied to thecylinders of the motor when the motor is cranked or started.

Another object is to provide a carbureter of the kind just describedwhich comprises means under control of the operator for cutting off thesupply of liquid fuel or raw fuel from which the said starting charge isproduced after the motor has started.

Another object is to provide a carburetor which is so designed that themixture which is supplied to the cylinders of. the motor when the motoris throttled down or first started will be introduced into the intakemanifold in such a manner that the fuel and air constituting saidmixture will become thoroughly mixed before entering the cylinders, thusinsuring charges of equal richness to all the cylinders of the motor.And still another object is to provide a carbureter that comprises apassageway whose upper end terminates at a point between the throttlevalve and the cylinders of the motor and whose lower end communicateswith a supply of raw fuel or unvaporized fuel, means'for supplying airto said passageway, and a valve for controlling said passageway, saidvalve being preferably so designed that it can be turned so as to cutoff the supply of raw fuel to said passageway without cutting off theflow of air through said passage-' way.

Other objects and desirable features of my invention will be hereinafterpointed out.

I have herein illustrated my present invention embodied in a carbureterof the type shown in my prior Patent #1,040,619, dated October 8, 1912,but I do not wish it to be understood that the invention is lim- Figure1 of the drawings is a side elevational view of a carbureterembodying mypresent invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view ofthe carbureter shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a detail vertical sectionalview taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1 showing the starting valve open;Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the starting valve closed; Fig. 5 is avertical sectional view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 3; and Fig. 6 is avertical sectional view taken on the line 66 of Fig. 4.

Referring to Fig. 2 of the drawings which illustrates the preferred formof my invention, A designates the float chamber, B designates the mixingchamber, and C designates the throttle-valve that controls the passageof the mixture from the mixing chamber into the intake-pipe of themotor. The liquid fuel passes from the float chamber through a duct 1into the lower end of a vertically disposed jet tube D that is arrangedinside of an air-pipe E through which air is drawn into-the mixingchamber as clearlydescribed in my prior patent previously referred to,said jet tube being provided with a plurality of fine jets or orificesthrough which the liquid fuel escapes from the jet tube in the form of aline spray that is vaporized by the air that passes down through theair-pipe E.

In order that a charge of rich combustible gas will be supplied to themotor when the motor is cranked, thus causing the motor to start easily,I have equipped the carburetor with a passageway that leads from asupply of liquid fuel or raw fuel to a point above the throttle-valveand have provided means foradmitting air to said passageway so as toconvert the raw fuel into a combustible mixture. In the embodiment of myinvention herein illustrated a small pipe or conduit 2, which isarranged inside of the mixing chamber B, communicates at its upper endwith the intake pipe F at a point above the throttle-valve, and at itslower end with a valve casing 3, see Figs. 3 and l, in which anoscillating valve G is mounted. A small pipe or conduitd, preferably ofthe same cross-sectional area as the pipe 2, leads from the valve casing3 to the duct 1 that establishes communication between the float chamberA and the jet tube. The valve G is provided with a fuel port 6 thatestablishes direct communication between the two conduits 2 and 4 whenthe valve-G is open, as shown in Fig. 5, thus permitting the raw fuel tobe drawn up through said conduits 4 and 2 into the intake-pipe F of themotor. Said valve G is also provided with a longitudinally disposed airduct 7 that branches laterally from the fuel port 6 in said valve, theouter end of the air duct 7 being open, as shown in Fig. 3, so that aircan pass from the mixing chamber into the duct or pipe 2 and convert theraw fuel that is sucked upwardly through said pipe into a combustiblemixture. The valve G is provided with an arm 8 so that it can be turnedinto the position shown in Fig. 5 when the operator desires to start themotor, and after the motor has started said valve can -be turned intothe position shown in Fig. 6 so as to out off the supply of raw fuel tothe duct 2 that terminates above the throttle-valve. In order to insuresuflicient suction in the mixing chamber, when the motor is throttleddown, to cause the air to travel through said chamber quickly enough toprevent the liquid fuel supplied by the jet tube from becoming depositedon the walls of the mixing chamber, I have provided the valve G with anair port 9 that establishes communication between the air duct 7 in thevalve and the pipe 2, when the valve is closed, as shown in Fig. 6.

From the foregoing it will be seen that air is supplied to thepassageway through which the raw fuel is drawn when the valve G is inboth of its positions but when the valve is closed, as shown in Figs. 4and 6, no raw fuel or liquid fuel will be supplied to the pipe 2 by thepipe 4 that communicates with the supply of-liquid fuel. To eliminatethe possibility of liquid fuel escaping from the supply pipe 4 andleaking around the valve G into the duct 2 when said valve is closed, Ihave formed a small groove 10 in the outer surface of the valve G thatestablishes communication between the fuel supply pipe 4 and theatmosphere when the valve is closed, said groove 10 leading from thepipe 4 to a point on the outside of the carbureter, as shown in Fig. 4.In other Words, the valve G is provided with an air groove 10 whichsupplies air to the raw fuel supply pipe 4 when said valve is closed soas to prevent the raw fuel from being drawn up into the pipe 2 either bya siphonic action or by suction resulting from a leak around the valve.Any suitable means may be used for holding the valve G in its open andclosed positions. the means herein shown consisting of a spring-actuatedplunger 11 mounted in a housing 12 on the exterior of the carbureter andadapted to coiperate with notches or recesses 13 in the upper end of thevalve arm 8, as shown in Fig. 1.

While I prefer to form the carbureter in the manner previously describedit will, of course, be understood that various changes could be madewithout departing from the spirit of my invention which, broadly stated,consists in a carbureter having a passageway leading from a-supply ofraw fuel to a point between the throttle-valve and the cylinders of themotor, means for admitting air to said passageway so as to vaporize thefuel flowing through same and thus produce a rich combustible gas, and avalve or other suitable device for cutting 01f the supply of raw fuel tosaid passageway after the motor has started.

As previously stated, one of the objects of my present invention is toprovide a carbureter which is so designed that the mixture which issupplied to the cylinders when the motor is throttled down or firststarted will be introduced into the intake manifold in such a mannerthat the fuel and air constituting the mixture will become thoroughlymixed before entering the cylinders,

thus insuring a charge of equal richness to all of the cylinders of themotor. I accomplish this desirable result by introducing the mixturefrom the pipe 2 tangentially into the intake-pipe F so that it willtravel upwardly through the intake-pipe with a circular or whirlingaction. As shown in Fig.

2, the upper end of the pipe 2 communicates with an annular chamber 14:that surrounds the passageway which the throttle-valve controls, andsaid chamber 14 is provided with one or more discharge ports 15 that aretangentially disposed. Consequently the mixture that escapes from saidduct or ducts 15 will enter the intake-pipe F at a tangent and willwhirl upwardly through said pipe in a circular path. This prevents someof the cylinders of the motor from receiving an exceedingly rich mixtureand the other cylinders receiving a lean mixture for the upward whirlingaction causes the fuel and air to be thoroughly mixed in such a mannerthat there is no tendency for the air to take one path and flow intosome of the cylinders and the fuel to take a different path and enterdifferent cylinders. It is, of course, not necessary that the upper endof the pipe 2 terminate in an annular chamber 14 as herein shown, for,if desired, the pipe 2 could lead directly to the passageway which thethrottle-valve C controls but I prefer to form thecarbureter in themanner herein shown on account of the fact that it permits the mixturefrom the pipe 2 to be introduced into the intake-pipe at severaldifferent points. Furthermore while it is preferable to introduce saidmixture into the intake-pipe tangentially, this is not essential to thesuccessful operation of my carbureter.

A carbureter of the construction above-described lnsures easy startingof the motor onwhich it is used owing to the fact that a rich mixture offuel and air is supplied directly into the intake-pipe at a point aboveber to prevent the liquid'fuel from collecting on the walls of themixing chamber. In addition to the desirable features above-mentioned,my improved carbureter insures a uniform mixture to all of thecylindersof the motor when the motor is throttled down or is beingstarted on accountof the fact that the mixture is introduced-into theintake-pipe in such a manner that it will whirl upwardly through theintake-pipe in a circular path, thereby causing the air and fuel to mixthoroughly before they reach the cylinders.

The needle-valve that controls the supply of liquid fuel to the floatchamber is so constructed that vibration of the motor will not causesaid valve to unseat or jump up and down and thus admit too much fuel tothe float chamber. As shown in Fig. 2, the needlewalve 16 that controlsthe supply of liquid fuel'to the float chamber A is loosely mounted inthe stem or member 17 that bears on the lever 18 with which the float 19in .the float chamber cooperates. A pin 20 in the stem 17 that projectsinto an elongated slot 21 in the shank of the valve 16, causes saidvalve to move upwardly off of its seat when the float 19 exertssufficient down ward pressure on the lever 18-to raise the member 17 inwhich the valve 16 is loosely mounted, and acoiled expansion spring 22which is arranged in a bore in the member 17 exerts suflicient pressureon the shank of the valve to normally hold the pin 20 at the upper endof the slot 21. The spring 22 normally holds the valve seated and thusreduces the tendency of the valve to jump up and down due to vibrationof the motor, said spring acting as a cushion between the valve and themember 17 so that said member 17 will remain at rest even if the valveis moved upwardly slightly by an abnormal vibration or shock.Consequently, a valve.

of the construction above-described insures a uniform level of fuel inthe float chamber, thereby effecting a great saving in the quantity ofliquid fuel used.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. A carbureter provided with a passageway that leads from a supply ofraw fuel to a point above the throttle valve, means for supplying air tosaid passageway so as to convert the fuel in same into a combustiblemixture; and means for cutting off the flow of raw fuel through saidpassageway and for establishing communication between said passagewayand the mixing chamber of the carbureter after the motor has started torun properly.

2. A carbureter provided with a main suction passageway and a throttlevalve for controlling the flow of the mixture through said passageway tothe engine, a duct that leads from a supply of liquid fuel to a pointabove said throttle valve, means for admitting air to said duct at apoint above the place where the liquid fuel enters same so as to convertthe fuel in same into a combustible mixture, and means for stoppingthe-flow of liquid fuel through said duct without interrupting the flowof air through said duct.

3. A carbureter provided with a passagewaythat leads around the throttlevalve and establishes communication between the mixing chamber and theintake pipe of the motor, means for supplying raw fuel to saidpassageway so as to produce a rich starting charge of fuel and air, andmeans that is adapted to be actuated after the motor is running properlyfor cutting off the supply of raw fuel to said passageway.

4;. A carbureter provided with a duct leading from the mixing chamber toa point above the throttle valve for insuring sufficient suction in themixing chamber when the motor "is throttled down to preventthe liquidfuel from collecting in the mixing chamber, and manually operated meansunder control of the operator for enabling a rich combustible mixture ofraw fuel and air to be supplied to the motor through said duct tofacilitate easy starting, and for positively cutting off the supply ofliquid fuel to said duct after the motor has gained headway.

5. A carbureter provided with a passageway that leads from a supply ofraw fuel to a point above the throttle-valve, and means for cutting offthe flow of raw fuel through one part of said passageway withoutinterferring with the flow of air through the remaining part of saidpassageway after the motor is running properly.

6. A carbureter provided with a duct whose upper end communicates withthe 1ntake-pipe between the throttle-valfe and the cylinders of themotor and whose lower. end communicates with the mixing chamber, and amanually controlled means for governing the admission of raw fuel tosand duct.

7. A carbureter provided with a passageway that leads from a supply ofraw fuel to a point above the throttle-valve, a cut-ofl valve arrangedintermediate the ends of said passageway for cuttlng off the flow of rawfuel through said passageway, means for admitting air to said passagewayirrespective of the position of the valve, and a fuel duet in said valvewhich permits the raw fuel to flow through said passageway only when thevalve is in a certain position.

8. A carburetor provided with a passageway that leads from a supply ofraw fuel to a point above the throttle-valve, a valve arrangedintermediate the ends of said passageway, means for admitting air tosaid passageway irrespective of the position of the valve. a fuel ductin said valve which permits the raw fuel to flow through said passagewayonly when the valve is in a certain position, and means for preventingthe raw fuel from leaking around the valve and thus being sucked up intothe upper portion ofsaid passageway when the valve is closed.

9. A carbureter provided with a passageway that leads from a supply ofraw fuel to a point above-the throttle-valve, a valve arrangedintermediate the ends of said passageway for cutting off the flow offuel through said passageway, means for admitting air to said passagewayirrespective of the position of the valve, and a. fuel duct in saidvalve which permits the raw fuel to flow through said passageway onlywhen the valve is in a certain position, said valve being provided withmeans which establishes communication between the atmosphere and oneportion of said passageway when the valve is closed, thereby preventingthe raw fuel from leaking around said valve into the upper portion ofsaid passageway.

10. A carbureter provided with a passageway that leads from a supply ofraw fuel to a point between the throttle-valve and the cylinders of themotor on which the carbureter is used, a valve arranged intermediate theends of said passageway for cutting off the flow of the raw fuel throughsaid passageway, and means in said valve that establishes communicationbetween the mixing chamber of the carbureter and the upper portion ofsaid passageway at all times, irrespective of the position of the valve.

11. A carbureter provided with a mixing chamber, a valve casing in thewall of said chamber, a duct leading from said casing to a point abovethe throttle-valve, a duct leading from said casing to a supply of rawfuel, a valve in said casing provided with a fuel port that alines withsaid ducts when the valve is in a certain position, and means in saidvalve that establishes communication between the mixing chamber and theduct that leads to a point above the throttle-valve.

12. A carbureter provided with a mixing chamber, a multiple jet tube forsupplying fuel to said chamber, an air-pipe surrounding said jet tubefor causing air to travel down around same, into the mixing cham ber,and means whereby a rich mixture of fuel and air can be supplied theintake-pipe of the motor at a point above the throttlevalve when themotor is started, and thereafter cut off from said intake-pipe after themotor is running properly.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses, this thirty-first day of January, 1913.

WILLIAM C. CARTER.

